Course syllabus

Molekylära drivkrafter 1: Termodynamik
Molecular Driving Forces 1: Thermodynamics

KFKA05, 7,5 credits, G1 (First Cycle)

Valid for: 2013/14
Decided by: Education Board C
Date of Decision: 2013-04-15

General Information

Main field: Technology.
Compulsory for: B2
Language of instruction: The course will be given in Swedish

Aim

To introduce both classical and statistical thermodynamics and to give an understanding of the thermodynamic concepts and theories on the basis of molecular properties.

Learning outcomes

Knowledge and understanding
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to describe and explain central concepts such as entropy, temperature, heat and energy from molecular properties.
• be able to formulate and explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics and be able to calculate energy and entropy changes for changes of state.
• show basic understanding of quantum mechanics and how it describes molecular translation, rotation, vibration and the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter.
• be able to explain the statistical basis of the Boltzmann distribution law.
• be able to define and explain the definitions of free energy and chemical potential and be able to use them for equilibrium calculations.
• know the thermodynamics of simple mixtures and be able to predict different colligative properties solution, such as osmotic pressure, freezing point depression and boiling point elevation, from the knowledge of the composition of the studied system.
• be able to formulate and explain the thermodynamic basis for chemical equilibrium.

Competences and skills
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to calculate pressure, volume and temperature in ideal gases.
• show ability to, both practically and theoretically, determine properties of phase equilibria for one and two component systems, such as the temperature and pressure dependence of vapour pressure and boling point.
• show ability to determine the relations between equilibrium constant, concentations, pressure and temperature in chemical equilibria, both practically and theoretically.
• be able to formulate and calculate partition equilibria with the help of the Boltzmann distribution law.
• be able to calculate macroscopic properties, such as the internal energy and entropy, of an ideal diatomic gas.
• be able to use a pocket calculator to solve numerical problems, such as derivation, integration, determination of implicit variables and least square fits of experimental data to a polynom function.
• be able to write simple, but complete, reports of laboratory experiments.
• be able to judge the validity of the fundamental thermodynamic models presented, such as ideal gases ideal solutions and the Bragg-Williams model for condensed systems.

Judgement and approach
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to discuss everyday phenomena, such as heat flow, expansion of gases and super-cooling, on the basis of sound statistical-thermodynamical reasoning.
• be able to judge information in the surrounding world (for example in media) on the basis of thermodynamical reasoning.

Contents

• Basic concepts of thermodynamics such as work and heat, entropy, enthalpy, free energy and chemical potential are treated both from a molecular statistical end thermodynamic perspective. Ideal gases are treated exactly with the help of the molecular partition function.
• Calculations on reversible, irreversible and adiabatic processes.
• Quantitative treatment of phase equilibrium in systems of one component.
• Quantitative calculations of the relations between pressure, temperature and composition in non-ideal systems of two components with one or more phases. This includes concepts such as partial molar quantities and activity, calculations of colligative properties and a molecular description of partition equilibria between oil and water phases.
• Thermodynamic and statistic.mechanical treatment of chemical equilibrium.
• The course also discusses the basis of biopolymer (such as proteins and DNA) stability.

Examination details

Grading scale: TH
Assessment: The final grade is based on a written exam in the end of the course. Laboratory practicals must also be completed.

Parts
Code: 0113. Name: Molecular Driving Forces 1: Thermodynamics.
Credits: 7,5. Grading scale: TH.
Code: 0213. Name: Laboratory Experiments.
Credits: 0. Grading scale: UG. Contents: The course contains three "wet" laboratory experiments and one computer task.

Admission

Required prior knowledge: FMA420 Linear Algebra, FMAA01 Calculus in One Variable, KOO101 Fundamental Chemistry.
The number of participants is limited to: No
The course overlaps following course/s: KFK080, KFK090

Reading list

• Dill, K and Bromberg, S: Statistical thermodynamics in Chemistry, Physics, Biology and Nanoscience. 2nd edition. Garland Publishing Inc, 2010, ISBN: 9780815344308.
• Complementary compendium, produced at Biopphysical Chemistry.

Contact and other information

Course coordinator: Kristofer Modig, kristofer.modig@bpc.lu.se
Course homepage: http://www.mps.lu.se/bpc/teaching/