Credits: 3. Grading scale: TH. Compulsory for: M3XEN. Optional for: M3. Course coordinator: Prof Bengt Johansson, Energivetenskaper. Assessment: Written exam with the scale: not approved, 3, 4, 5 which normally corresponds to 40, 60, 80 % of maximum points. To qualify for the written exam all mandatory parts of the course must be approved. Further information: The course might be given in English. Homepage: http://www.vok.lth.se.

Aim
The goal of the course is to gain basic knowledge of the processes occurring in an internal combustion engine and understand why it is designed as it is.

Contents
The course mainly deals with combustion engines having internal combustion. First a general description of the most common engine types is given. The spark ignition and compression ignition principles are explained and the difference between two and four stroke engines is discussed. Very short two alternatives, the Wankel and Stirling engines are described. The history of the internal combustion engine is presented. The early history is full of more or less unsuccessful trials to make an energy converter of gas or liquid fuels. Thereafter, a number of definitions of mean effective pressure and efficiency are explained. The coupling between the power requirement of a normal vehicle and the power produced by an engine is explained. The fact that all passenger cars have too large engine displacement should be obvious here and possible ways to improve the situation is discussed. The general conversion of fuel to CO2, H2O and heat is discussed and stoichiometry is explained. Also exhaust gas analysis is discussed in some detail. Ideal thermodynamic cycles are presented and used to explain the effects of compression ratio on fuel efficiency. A more realistic heat release is also simulated with a simple MATLAB code. The combustion process in the spark ignition engine is presented. Cycle to cycle variations in the combustion process is explained and abnormal combustion, "knock" is discussed. The exhaust emissions generally and from the spark ignition engine are explained, including the principle of cleaning with the three way catalyst. Finally, the diesel engine combustion process is presented both with the classical model and the newer Dec model. The emissions from the diesel engine are also discussed.

The course contains lectures, seminars and two laboratory works. In the first a modern four cylinder SI engine is disassembled and assembled and in the second a similar engine is run and emissions measured. Normally an industry representative will give an invited talk.

Literature
"Internal Combustion Engines - Part 1" by Bengt Johansson and material handed out by the division.