Aim
The student shall deepen his/her knowledge of the fundamental principles of electromagnetic wave propagation in linear continuous media, and know how utilize to numerical methods in the solution of electromagnetic wave propagation problems.

Knowledge and understanding
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to explain the basic methods of analysis that are used for wave propagation in linear materials

• be able to perform numerical computations on wave propagation problems - both by running simple self-produced codes, and by utilizing commercially available software

Skills and abilities
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to use simple material models such as the Debye- and the Lorentz-model

• be able to calculate reflection and transmission from isotropic materials in both one and three dimensions

• be able to calculate wave propagation in anisotropic and bi-isotropic material

• be able to calculate the broadening of ray beams

• be able to calculate wave propagation in simple, inhomogeneous, isotropic material

• carry through a minor project including a written documentation

Contents
The Maxwell equations and boundary conditions. Constitutive relations. Energy relations. Time harmonic fields. Plane waves, polarization. Plane wave propagation in complex materials (isotropic, anisotropic, gyrotropic, bi-isotropic). Reflection and transmission in two and three dimensions. Beams and the paraxial approximation. Wave propagation in inhomogeneous materials. Numerical methods e.g. finite difference methods and raytracing.

Literature
Sophocles J, Orfanides: Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas (in English).
The literature is available from the homepage of the course.