Aim
The goal of this course is to provide the students with theoretical and experimental insights and skills in instrumental analytical chemistry with a focus on fundamental analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry, chromatography, mass spectrometry and potentiometry.

Knowledge and understanding
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to explain the basic theories of various analytical techniques

• be able to describe the fundamental function and design of various analytical instruments

• have knowledge in fundamental theories in spectroscopy

• have knowledge in different quantitation methods and be able to describe the implementation of qualitative chemical analysis with mass spectrometry

Skills and abilities
For a passing grade the student must

• be able to apply the most common analytical techniques utilised in quantitative and in some cases qualitative analyses, and be able to compile experimentally obtained data into a technical report

• be able to calculate and evaluate important parameters utilised in common analytical techniques

• be able to estimate the quality of analytical results by means of applied statistics

Judgement and approach
For a passing grade the student must

• understand the importance of estimating the measurement uncertainty of an analytical result

Contents
The course offers an overview of common analytical methods employed in industrial environments and presents a short introduction on advanced techniques applied in specialised laboratories.

Laboratory work: Laboratory exercises demonstrate quantitative and to a lesser extent qualitative analyses.

Chemical analyses in solutions are performed using instruments for atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry, gas and liquid chromatography, potentiometry with ion-selective electrodes and flow injection analysis. Experiments provide the students with knowledge in instrumental construction and operation. The measurement uncertainty of an analysis is estimated by statistical treatment of analytical data. Some experiments aim at characterizing the properties of a method, among other things to show how the signal depends on the molecular structure of the analyse. The quantitative analytical experiments represent common industrial techniques used in analysis of food, environmental samples, water samples and consumer products.

Lectures: In quantitative chemical analysis, general chromatographic theories, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography are considered. The lectures also cover qualitative chemical analysis using spectrometric techniques such as UV-VIS spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic emission spectrophotometry. Among electrochemical techniques, potentiometry and ion-selective electrodes are considered. Additional topics considered include mass spectrometry, techniques for automatic analysis, environmental analysis using gas chromatography, immunoassay techniques, process analytical chemistry, sample preparation and measurement uncertainty.

Exercises: Exercises in chromatography, spectrophotometry, potentiometry and mass spectrometry are provided.

Literature
Harris, D.C.: Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Seventh ed. Freeman 2007. ISBN: 0-7167-7041-5.
Complementary compendia give the necessary overview of the broad and diverse course subjects.

Code: 0109. Name: Examination.
Higher education credits: 7,5. Grading scale: TH. Assessment: The students’ achievements will be assessed with a written examination, on which the final grade will be based.

Code: 0209. Name: Laboratory Work.
Higher education credits: 1,5. Grading scale: UG. Assessment: Students are required to have received a passing mark on their laboratory work and reports.